{"id":186,"date":"2009-11-09T18:59:34","date_gmt":"2009-11-09T16:59:34","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.kokkidojo.cz\/?p=186"},"modified":"2010-06-21T16:34:04","modified_gmt":"2010-06-21T14:34:04","slug":"vyvoj-muso-sinden-rju-cast-iv-nakajama-hakudo","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.kokkidojo.cz\/?p=186","title":{"rendered":"V\u00fdvoj Mus\u00f3 \u0160inden rj\u00fa – \u010d\u00e1st IV – Nakajama Hakudo"},"content":{"rendered":"

Ahoj,
\nv \u010dasopise jednoho odd\u00edlu aikid\u00f3 a iaid\u00f3 z Los Angeles se v dubnu 2009 objevil velmi p\u011bkn\u00fd \u010dl\u00e1nek o \u017eivot\u011b Nakajamy Hakuda. Od autora jsme dostali zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed povolen\u00ed pro jeho publikov\u00e1n\u00ed na na\u0161em webu, tak jej tedy v p\u0159ekladu zve\u0159ej\u0148ujeme pro \u010deskou ve\u0159ejnost. P\u016fvodn\u00ed \u010dl\u00e1nek i p\u0159edchoz\u00ed d\u00edly o v\u00fdvoji a historii Mus\u00f3 \u0161inden rj\u00fa je mo\u017en\u00e9 st\u00e1hnout na adrese http:\/\/www.aikidocenterla.com\/newsletter.html<\/a><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

V\u00fdvoj Mus\u00f3 \u0160inden rj\u00fa – \u010d\u00e1st IV<\/strong>
\nAutor: Gary Myers <\/strong>– hlavn\u00ed instruktor iaid\u00f3 v Aikido Center of Los Angeles, LLC, 1211 N. Main Street, Los Angeles, CA 90012, Tel: (323) 225-1424 www.aikidocenterla.com<\/p>\n

Nakajama Hakudo<\/strong><\/p>\n

V posledn\u00edm \u010dl\u00e1nku jsme prob\u00edrali hlavn\u00ed p\u0159edstavitele v\u011btv\u00ed Tanimura a \u0160imomura \u0161koly Mus\u00f3 D\u017eikiden Ej\u0161in rj\u00fa z obdob\u00ed Meid\u017ei. V tomto \u010dl\u00e1nku se zam\u011b\u0159ujeme na Nakajama Hakuda – \u0161erm\u00ed\u0159sk\u00e9ho mistra 20.stolet\u00ed. Hakudo se narodil v prefektu\u0159e I\u0161ikawa v roce 1872. Jeho rodina byla vazalem velk\u00e9ho samurajsk\u00e9ho klanu Maed\u016f t\u00e9to oblasti. Ve v\u011bku 8 let opustil svou rodinu, aby \u017eil s rodinou obchodn\u00edk\u016f ve m\u011bst\u011b Tomijama. Stal se dychtiv\u00fdm studentem hry Go a ji\u017e ve 14.letech byl pova\u017eov\u00e1n za odborn\u00edka. Kdy\u017e mu bylo 16, ode\u0161el do Tokia, aby pokra\u010doval ve sv\u00e9m nad\u0161en\u00ed pro Go. V 17 letech hr\u00e1l hru Go, kter\u00e9 zm\u011bnila jeho \u017eivot. Jeho protihr\u00e1\u010dem byl Negi\u0161i \u0160ingoro, kter\u00fd byl hlavou \u0161erm\u00ed\u0159sk\u00e9ho Ju\u0161inkan d\u00f3d\u017e\u00f3. Kr\u00e1tce pot\u00e9 se Hakudo stal jeho \u017e\u00e1kem. V Ju\u0161inkan d\u00f3d\u017e\u00f3 se u\u010dil \u0160ind\u00f3 Munen rj\u00fa (form\u011b kend\u00f3), ale v t\u00e9 dob\u011b se \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 formy Iai v t\u00e9to \u0161kole neu\u010dily. \u0158\u00edk\u00e1 se, \u017ee Hakudo tak\u00e9 studoval kend\u00f3 u mistra Teraje I\u010ditara ze \u0161koly Jamagu\u010di Itto rj\u00fa.<\/p>\n

Kdy\u017e mu bylo 23, dostal sv\u00e9 prvn\u00ed osv\u011bd\u010den\u00ed o osvojen\u00ed a v 27 byl jmenov\u00e1n \u00fapln\u00fdm mistrem. Hakudo se o\u017eenil s \u0160ingorovou dcerou a byl p\u0159ijat do rodiny Negi\u0161i. Kdy\u017e mu bylo 31, tak se musel se vr\u00e1tit ke sv\u00e9mu rodu Nakajam\u016f, d\u016fvodem byly finan\u010dn\u00ed pot\u00ed\u017ee. V roce 1905, ve v\u011bku 33, si Hakudo otev\u0159el d\u00f3d\u017e\u00f3 v Tokiu, jmenovalo se J\u00fa\u0161inkan na po\u010dest d\u00f3d\u017e\u00f3 sv\u00e9ho u\u010ditele.<\/p>\n

Hakudo za\u010dal usilovn\u011b studovat Mus\u00f3 D\u017eikiden Ej\u0161in rj\u00fa v Tosa. Studoval pod veden\u00edm mistra Morimoto Hoku\u0161in z v\u011btv\u011b Tanimura a mistrem Hosokawa Jo\u0161imasa z v\u011btve \u0160imomura. V roce 1922 se Hakudo stal 16.velmistrem t\u00e9to v\u011btve a to ve v\u011bku 49 let. \u0158\u00edk\u00e1 se, \u017ee se byl mistrem obou v\u011btv\u00ed Iai a studoval jin\u00e9 formy iaid\u017eucu.<\/p>\n

Hakudo m\u011bl ve sv\u00e9m d\u00f3d\u017e\u00f3 mnoho slavn\u00fdch \u017e\u00e1k\u016f a byl instruktorem u spole\u010dnost\u00ed hlavn\u00edch dodavatel\u016f elekt\u0159iny Mitsui a Mitsubi\u0161i. Tak\u00e9 u\u010dil \u0161erm n\u00e1mo\u0159nictvo, d\u00e1le na Univerzit\u011b Keio, na policejn\u00ed akademii Kei\u0161i\u010d\u00f3 a \u010d\u00edsa\u0159skou gardu. Byl tak\u00e9 sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed poradn\u00edho sboru, kter\u00fd vyvinul osnovy pro v\u00fduku boje s me\u010dem pro Tojamskou vojenskou akademii. B\u00fdv\u00e1 tak\u00e9 naz\u00fdv\u00e1n stvo\u0159itelem \u0161koly Tojama rj\u00fa. Byl tak\u00e9 tv\u016frcem komise pro zkou\u0161en\u00ed v\u0161ech hlavn\u00edch instruktor\u016f kend\u00f3 v cel\u00e9 zemi. V roce 1927 byl jmenov\u00e1n mistrem d\u017e\u00f3d\u00f3, \u010d\u00edm\u017e se stal jedin\u00fdm \u010dlov\u011bkem, kter\u00e9mu bylo ud\u011bleno mistrovstv\u00ed ve t\u0159ech bojov\u00fdch um\u011bn\u00ed. Byl tak\u00e9 dobr\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edtelem O’Senseie (Moriheje Ue\u0161iby – stvo\u0159itele aikido) a zpost\u0159edkoval man\u017eelstv\u00ed dcery O’Senseie a Nakakura Kij\u00f3\u0161iho (Hakud\u016fv \u017e\u00e1k).<\/p>\n

Nakajama Hakudo za\u010dal zdokonalovat techniky iai a tak posiloval a rozv\u00edjel vlastn\u00ed styl, kter\u00fd zahrnoval Mus\u00f3 D\u017eikiden Ej\u0161in rj\u00fa. Sv\u016fj styl \u0161ermu naz\u00fdval Mus\u00f3 \u0160inden Batt\u00f3 D\u017eucu. Tento n\u00e1zev se pou\u017e\u00edval do roku 1955, pozd\u011bji se form\u00e1ln\u011b zm\u011bnil na Mus\u00f3 \u0160inden rj\u00fa. Hakudo za\u010dal pou\u017e\u00edvat term\u00edn Iaido v roce 1932.<\/p>\n

Hakudo nebyl velk\u00e9 postavy, m\u011b\u0159il jen 158 cm, ale pou\u017e\u00edval me\u010de v rozmez\u00ed d\u00e9lky \u010depele 78 a\u017e 84 cm (neboli 2.6 – 2.77 shaku). Nosil p\u016fsobiv\u00fd ofic\u00edrsk\u00fd kn\u00edr. Tak\u00e9 testoval \u0159adu modern\u00edch me\u010d\u016f, vyroben\u00fdch me\u010d\u00ed\u0159em Kanetokim (pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 jm\u00e9no Kanemi\u010di) a me\u010d\u00ed\u0159em Jo\u0161i\u010dikou. Mnoh\u00e9 z t\u011bchto me\u010d\u016f, kter\u00e9 testoval, maj\u00ed na sob\u011b vyra\u017een\u00e9 jejich podpisov\u00e9 zn\u00e1mky. Je zn\u00e1ma historka o tom, \u017ee \u010dist\u011b p\u0159esekl bez po\u0161kozen\u00ed \u010depele bal\u00edk r\u00fd\u017eov\u00e9 sl\u00e1my s \u017eeleznou ty\u010d\u00ed uvnit\u0159. Tak\u00e9 se \u0159\u00edkalo, \u017ee um\u011bl z velk\u00e9 vzd\u00e1lenosti p\u0159isko\u010dit a rozseknout fazoli druhu adzuki na dv\u011b \u010d\u00e1sti bez roz\u0159\u00edznut\u00ed n\u011b\u010deho jin\u00e9ho. Nakajama Hakudo m\u011bl tu \u010dest p\u0159edv\u00e1d\u011bt, jak Iaido, tak Kendo kata a p\u0159ed c\u00edsa\u0159em p\u0159i t\u0159ech r\u016fzn\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitostech. Existuje filmov\u00fd z\u00e1znam, kter\u00fd byl vyd\u00e1n na DVD, jen\u017e ukazuje n\u011bkter\u00e9 z t\u011bchto demonstrac\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Za v\u00fduku bojov\u00fdch um\u011bn\u00ed byl Nakajama Hakudo v roce 1946 uv\u011bzn\u011bn americk\u00fdmi silami v Jokosuze. Na n\u011bjakou dobu zanechal bojov\u00fdch um\u011bn\u00ed, ale vr\u00e1til se k nim v polovin\u011b roku 1950. Existuj\u00ed filmov\u00e9 z\u00e1b\u011bry b\u011bhem t\u00e9to doby, kde ve v\u011bku 83 let obratn\u011b cvi\u010d\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00e9 techniky iaido. Zem\u0159el v roce 1958 ve v\u011bku 86 let.<\/p>\n

Hakudo nejmenoval n\u00e1stupce, tak\u017ee ho mnoz\u00ed pova\u017euj\u00ed za posledn\u00edho velmistra v\u011btve \u0160imomura, i kdy\u017e po jeho smrti byly do pozice velmistra jmenov\u00e1ny dal\u0161\u00ed dv\u011b osoby. V\u011bt\u0161ina z jeho nejv\u00e1\u017een\u011bj\u0161\u00edch \u017e\u00e1k\u016f iaid\u00f3, kte\u0159\u00ed se posl\u00e9ze sami stali u\u010diteli ji\u017e zem\u0159eli nap\u0159.: Danzaki Tomoaki, Nakakura Kij\u00f3\u0161i, a v posledn\u00ed dob\u011b nejmlad\u0161\u00ed student Mitsuzuka Take\u0161i, kter\u00fd byl jedn\u00edm z iaid\u00f3 u\u010ditel\u016f na\u0161eho u\u010ditele (Pozn. p\u0159ekl. mysl\u00ed t\u00edm jejich u\u010ditele aikido a iaido Ken\u0161\u00f3 Furujiho v dod\u017e\u00f3 v Los Angeles) a p\u0159\u00e1tel. Budeme pokra\u010dovat v tradici linie Mus\u00f3 \u0160inden rj\u00fa skrze tento vztah.<\/p>\n

Pozn\u00e1mka redakce: Tento \u010dl\u00e1nek je p\u0159eklad z p\u016fvodn\u00edho anglick\u00e9ho \u010dl\u00e1nku napsan\u00fdm Gary Myersem, hlavn\u00edm instruktorem iaid\u00f3 na Aikido Center of Los Angeles a nejprve objevil se v bulletinu Aiki Dojo (svazek 27, \u010d\u00edslo 4), v dubnu 2009. Byl zde publikov\u00e1n na z\u00e1klad\u011b zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00edho povolen\u00ed od Gary Myerse a Aikido Center v Los Angeles. (c) 2009 Gary Myers. V\u0161echna pr\u00e1va vyhrazena.<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

article about Nakayama Hakudo – father of Muso Shinden ryu<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-186","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-historie"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.kokkidojo.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/186","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.kokkidojo.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.kokkidojo.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.kokkidojo.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.kokkidojo.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=186"}],"version-history":[{"count":14,"href":"http:\/\/www.kokkidojo.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/186\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":424,"href":"http:\/\/www.kokkidojo.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/186\/revisions\/424"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.kokkidojo.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=186"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.kokkidojo.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=186"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.kokkidojo.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=186"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}